What are the pins and voltages of DDR, DDR2 and DDR3? In DDR memory, there are 92 single-sided gold finger pins (184 on both sides), 52 pins on the left side of the notch and 40 pins on the right side of the product; DDR2 Memory has 120 gold fingers on one side (240 on…
Beginners must know: what is the difference between ARM and MCU? 1. Software This should be the biggest difference. The operating system is introduced. Why introduce operating system? What's the benefit? 1) Convenient. It is mainly reflected in the later development, that is to develop the application program directly on the operating…
Recognizing diodes and detecting their characteristics is an essential skill for anyone working with electronics. Diodes are semiconductor devices that allow current to flow in one direction while blocking it in the other, and they come in various types. Here are some key skills and methods for recognizing and detecting diodes: Visual Inspection: The most…
EDA tools emerge in an endless stream. At present, EDA software that has entered China and has a wide influence include EWB, PSpice, OrCAD, PCAD, PROTEL, viewlogic, mentor, graphics, Synopsys, lsilogic, cadence, Microsim, etc. These tools have strong functions and can be used in several aspects. For example, many software can be used for circuit…
1. How to choose PCB material for high frequency PCB? For PCB board selection, it is necessary to strike a balance between meeting design requirements and mass production and cost. Design requirements include electrical and mechanical parts. In general, when designing very high-speed PCB board (frequency higher than GHz), this material problem will be more…
1. Component layout When doing stacking, it is necessary to consider the layout of structural parts and main components, such as I / O connector, SIM card, battery connector, T card, camera, speaker, receiver, RF part, baseband part, GSM antenna part, Bluetooth antenna part and mobile TV antenna part. The placement of these parts…
What are SMT, DIP? SMT is the abbreviation of surface mount technology, which is the most popular technology and process in the electronic assembly industry. It is a kind of circuit assembly technology that the surface assembly components are installed on the surface of circuit board or other substrates, and are welded and assembled by…
The production of PCB is very complex. Taking four-layer PCB as an example, the manufacturing process mainly includes PCB layout, core board production, inner PCB layout transfer, core board drilling and inspection, lamination, drilling, copper chemical precipitation on hole wall, outer PCB layout transfer, outer PCB etching and other steps. 1. PCB layout The first…
As PCB design engineers, we all know that impedance should be continuous. However, PCB design always has impedance can not be continuous, at this time how to do? What is impedance To clarify a few concepts, we often see impedance, characteristic impedance, instantaneous impedance. Strictly speaking, they are different, but they are still the basic…
Designing the PCB (Printed Circuit Board) stack structure is a crucial step in PCB layout, as it directly affects the electrical performance, manufacturability, and reliability of the PCB. Here are the steps to design a PCB stack structure: Determine the Layer Count: Start by deciding how many layers your PCB will have. This decision is…
There are single-sided, double-sided and multi-layer PCB boards. The number of layers of multi-layer PCB is unlimited. At present, there are more than 100 layers of PCB, while the common multi-layer PCB is four-layer and six-layer PCB. Then why do you have “Why are multilayer PCB boards even?” What about this question? Relatively speaking, even…
USB, which stands for Universal Serial Bus, is a universal interface standard used to connect various external devices to computers. USB interfaces are often integrated into PCBs (Printed Circuit Boards) to enable data transfer and power supply between devices and computers. Here is an introduction to implementing a USB interface on a PCB: USB Types:…
The calculation of PCB current carrying capacity has been lack of authoritative technical methods and formulas. Experienced PCB layout engineers can make a more accurate judgment based on personal experience. But for layout novices, it’s not a problem. The current carrying capacity of PCB depends on the following factors: line width, wire thickness (copper foil…
Designing PCBs (Printed Circuit Boards) with Ball Grid Array (BGA) electronic components presents unique challenges and considerations due to the compact and densely packed nature of BGAs. Here’s an overview of the key points to keep in mind when designing PCBs with BGAs: Component Selection: Choose BGAs based on the specific requirements of your project.…
The first order is relatively simple, and the process and process are easy to control. Second order began to trouble, one is the problem of alignment, a hole and copper plating problem. There are many kinds of second-order designs. One is that the positions of each step are staggered. When the next adjacent layer needs…
Common format of Gerber file used in PCB manufacturing: Rs-274-x (common) Rs-274-d (common) RS-274 Fire 9000 Mda 9000 Barco DPF The standard Gerber file format can be divided into rs-274 and rs-274x Gerber file and aperture in rs-274 format are separate and different files. The aperture of rs-274x format is integrated into Gerber file, so…
